Each word on a web page is placed on an index. In addition, the relative position of the word on a page is also stored (for example, first word is 1 and the second word is a 2).
The word location can be used to support phrase searching (mult-word sequence). It also allow the search engine to estimate the relevance of a page to the query. The closer the distance between words on a page, the more relevant is the page to the query.
Beside the content, search engine also index html tags to support search for specific part of document like “cat in the title”
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