Special Network Addresses

(1) Loopback address 

It is assigned to a loopback interface which is a virtual device that echoes transmitted packets back to the sender.  For IPV4, it is 127.0.0.1 and for IPV6, it is ::1.

(2) Private addresses

This group of address is for used by locations which connect to internet via NAT.  These addresses cannot be reached from the global internet.  For IPV4, they start with 10 or 192.168 or 172.16-31.  There is no correspondence for IPV6.

(3) Link Local or Autoconfiguration addresses

These addresses can only be used to communicate with hosts on the same network.  Routers will not forward these addresses.  For IPV4, it is 169.254.  For IPV6, it is start with FE80, FE90, FEA0 and FEB0.

(4) Multicast addresses

For IPV4, it is 224. to 239.  For IPV6, it start with FF.